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For the creation of RFC4122 UUIDs
uuid
command line utilityUpgrading from uuid\@3? Your code is probably okay, but check out Upgrading From uuid\@3 for details.
npm install uuid
Once installed, decide which type of UUID you need. RFC4122 provides for four versions, all of which are supported here. In order of popularity, they are:
Unsure which one to use? Use version 4 (random) unless you have a specific need for one of the other versions. See also this FAQ.
ECMAScript Module syntax:
import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid';
uuidv4(); // ⇨ '9b1deb4d-3b7d-4bad-9bdd-2b0d7b3dcb6d'
CommonJS syntax:
const { v4: uuidv4 } = require('uuid');
uuidv4(); // ⇨ '1b9d6bcd-bbfd-4b2d-9b5d-ab8dfbbd4bed'
import { v1 as uuidv1 } from 'uuid';
uuidv1(); // ⇨ '2c5ea4c0-4067-11e9-8bad-9b1deb4d3b7d'
⚠️ Version 3 and Version 5 UUIDs are basically the same, differing only in the underlying hash algorithm. Note that per the RFC, "If backward compatibility is not an issue, SHA-1 [Version 5] is preferred."
⚠️ If using a custom namespace be sure to generate your own namespace UUID. You can grab one here.
import { v5 as uuidv5 } from 'uuid'; // For version 5
import { v3 as uuidv3 } from 'uuid'; // For version 3
// Using predefined DNS namespace (for domain names)
uuidv5('hello.example.com', uuidv5.DNS); // ⇨ 'fdda765f-fc57-5604-a269-52a7df8164ec'
uuidv3('hello.example.com', uuidv3.DNS); // ⇨ '9125a8dc-52ee-365b-a5aa-81b0b3681cf6'
// Using predefined URL namespace (for URLs)
uuidv5('http://example.com/hello', uuidv5.URL); // ⇨ '3bbcee75-cecc-5b56-8031-b6641c1ed1f1'
uuidv3('http://example.com/hello', uuidv3.URL); // ⇨ 'c6235813-3ba4-3801-ae84-e0a6ebb7d138'
// Using a custom namespace (See note, above, about generating your own
// namespace UUID)
const MY_NAMESPACE = '1b671a64-40d5-491e-99b0-da01ff1f3341';
uuidv5('Hello, World!', MY_NAMESPACE); // ⇨ '630eb68f-e0fa-5ecc-887a-7c7a62614681'
uuidv3('Hello, World!', MY_NAMESPACE); // ⇨ 'e8b5a51d-11c8-3310-a6ab-367563f20686'
import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid';
// Incantations
uuidv4();
uuidv4(options);
uuidv4(options, buffer, offset);
Generate and return a RFC4122 version 4 UUID.
options
- (Object) Optional uuid state to apply. Properties may include:
random
- (Number[16]) Array of 16 numbers (0-255) to use in place of randomly generated values. Takes precedence over options.rng
.rng
- (Function) Random # generator function that returns an Array[16] of byte values (0-255). Alternative to options.random
.buffer
- (Array | Buffer) Array or buffer where UUID bytes are to be written.offset
- (Number) Starting index in buffer
at which to begin writing.Returns buffer
, if specified, otherwise the string form of the UUID
Example: Generate string UUID with predefined random
values
const v4options = {
random: [
0x10,
0x91,
0x56,
0xbe,
0xc4,
0xfb,
0xc1,
0xea,
0x71,
0xb4,
0xef,
0xe1,
0x67,
0x1c,
0x58,
0x36,
],
};
uuidv4(v4options); // ⇨ '109156be-c4fb-41ea-b1b4-efe1671c5836'
Example: Generate two IDs in a single buffer
const buffer = new Array();
uuidv4(null, buffer, 0); // ⇨
// [
// 27, 157, 107, 205, 187,
// 253, 75, 45, 155, 93,
// 171, 141, 251, 189, 75,
// 237
// ]
uuidv4(null, buffer, 16); // ⇨
// [
// 27, 157, 107, 205, 187, 253, 75, 45,
// 155, 93, 171, 141, 251, 189, 75, 237,
// 155, 29, 235, 77, 59, 125, 75, 173,
// 155, 221, 43, 13, 123, 61, 203, 109
// ]
import { v1 as uuidv1 } from 'uuid';
// Incantations
uuidv1();
uuidv1(options);
uuidv1(options, buffer, offset);
Generate and return a RFC4122 version 1 (timestamp) UUID.
options
- (Object) Optional uuid state to apply. Properties may include:
node
- (Array) Node id as Array of 6 bytes (per 4.1.6). Default: Randomly generated ID. See note 1.clockseq
- (Number between 0 - 0x3fff) RFC clock sequence. Default: An internally maintained clockseq is used.msecs
- (Number) Time in milliseconds since unix Epoch. Default: The current time is used.nsecs
- (Number between 0-9999) additional time, in 100-nanosecond units. Ignored if msecs
is unspecified. Default: internal uuid counter is used, as per 4.2.1.2.random
- (Number[16]) Array of 16 numbers (0-255) to use for initialization of node
and clockseq
as described above. Takes precedence over options.rng
.rng
- (Function) Random # generator function that returns an Array[16] of byte values (0-255). Alternative to options.random
.buffer
- (Array | Buffer) Array or buffer where UUID bytes are to be written.offset
- (Number) Starting index in buffer
at which to begin writing.Returns buffer
, if specified, otherwise the string form of the UUID
Note: The default node id (the last 12 digits in the UUID) is generated once, randomly, on process startup, and then remains unchanged for the duration of the process.
Example: Generate string UUID with fully-specified options
const v1options = {
node: [0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89, 0xab],
clockseq: 0x1234,
msecs: new Date('2011-11-01').getTime(),
nsecs: 5678,
};
uuidv1(v1options); // ⇨ '710b962e-041c-11e1-9234-0123456789ab'
Example: In-place generation of two binary IDs
// Generate two ids in an array
const arr = new Array();
uuidv1(null, arr, 0); // ⇨
// [
// 44, 94, 164, 192, 64, 103,
// 17, 233, 146, 52, 155, 29,
// 235, 77, 59, 125
// ]
uuidv1(null, arr, 16); // ⇨
// [
// 44, 94, 164, 192, 64, 103, 17, 233,
// 146, 52, 155, 29, 235, 77, 59, 125,
// 44, 94, 164, 193, 64, 103, 17, 233,
// 146, 52, 155, 29, 235, 77, 59, 125
// ]
import { v5 as uuidv5 } from 'uuid';
// Incantations
uuidv5(name, namespace);
uuidv5(name, namespace, buffer);
uuidv5(name, namespace, buffer, offset);
Generate and return a RFC4122 version 5 UUID.
name
- (String | Array[]) "name" to create UUID withnamespace
- (String | Array[]) "namespace" UUID either as a String or Array[16] of byte valuesbuffer
- (Array | Buffer) Array or buffer where UUID bytes are to be written.offset
- (Number) Starting index in buffer
at which to begin writing. Default = 0Returns buffer
, if specified, otherwise the string form of the UUID
Example:
uuidv5('hello world', MY_NAMESPACE); // ⇨ '9f282611-e0fd-5650-8953-89c8e342da0b'
⚠️ Note: Per the RFC, "If backward compatibility is not an issue, SHA-1 [Version 5] is preferred."
import { v3 as uuidv3 } from 'uuid';
// Incantations
uuidv3(name, namespace);
uuidv3(name, namespace, buffer);
uuidv3(name, namespace, buffer, offset);
Generate and return a RFC4122 version 3 UUID.
name
- (String | Array[]) "name" to create UUID withnamespace
- (String | Array[]) "namespace" UUID either as a String or Array[16] of byte valuesbuffer
- (Array | Buffer) Array or buffer where UUID bytes are to be written.offset
- (Number) Starting index in buffer
at which to begin writing. Default = 0Returns buffer
, if specified, otherwise the string form of the UUID
Example:
uuidv3('hello world', MY_NAMESPACE); // ⇨ '042ffd34-d989-321c-ad06-f60826172424'
UUIDs can be generated from the command line using uuid
.
$ uuid
ddeb27fb-d9a0-4624-be4d-4615062daed4
The default is to generate version 4 UUIDS, however the other versions are supported. Type uuid --help
for details:
$ uuid --help
Usage:
uuid
uuid v1
uuid v3 <name> <namespace uuid>
uuid v4
uuid v5 <name> <namespace uuid>
uuid --help
Note: <namespace uuid> may be "URL" or "DNS" to use the corresponding UUIDs
defined by RFC4122
This library comes with ECMAScript Modules (ESM) support for Node.js versions that support it (example) as well as bundlers like rollup.js (example) and webpack (example) (targeting both, Node.js and browser environments).
import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid';
uuidv4(); // ⇨ '1b9d6bcd-bbfd-4b2d-9b5d-ab8dfbbd4bed'
To run the examples you must first create a dist build of this library in the module root:
npm run build
To load this module directly into modern browsers that support loading ECMAScript Modules you can make use of jspm:
<script type="module">
import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'https://jspm.dev/uuid';
console.log(uuidv4()); // ⇨ '1b9d6bcd-bbfd-4b2d-9b5d-ab8dfbbd4bed'
</script>
To load this module directly into older browsers you can use the UMD (Universal Module Definition) builds from any of the following CDNs:
Using UNPKG:
<script src="https://unpkg.com/uuid@latest/dist/umd/uuidv4.min.js"></script>
Using jsDelivr:
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/uuid@latest/dist/umd/uuidv4.min.js"></script>
Using cdnjs:
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/uuid/8.1.0/uuidv4.min.js"></script>
These CDNs all provide the same uuidv4()
method:
<script>
uuidv4(); // ⇨ '55af1e37-0734-46d8-b070-a1e42e4fc392'
</script>
Methods for the other algorithms (uuidv1()
, uuidv3()
and uuidv5()
) are available from the files uuidv1.min.js
, uuidv3.min.js
and uuidv5.min.js
respectively.
This error occurs in environments where the standard crypto.getRandomValues()
API is not supported. This issue can be resolved by adding an appropriate polyfill:
react-native-get-random-values
uuid
:import 'react-native-get-random-values';
import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid';
In Edge <= 18, Web Crypto is not supported in Web Workers or Service Workers and we are not aware of a polyfill (let us know if you find one, please).
uuid\@7 did not come with native ECMAScript Module (ESM) support for Node.js. Importing it in Node.js ESM consequently imported the CommonJS source with a default export. This library now comes with true Node.js ESM support and only provides named exports.
Instead of doing:
import uuid from 'uuid';
uuid.v4();
you will now have to use the named exports:
import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid';
uuidv4();
Deep requires like require('uuid/v4')
which have been deprecated in uuid\@7 are no longer supported.
"Wait... what happened to uuid\@4 - uuid\@6?!?"
In order to avoid confusion with RFC version 4 and version 5 UUIDs, and a possible version 6, releases 4 thru 6 of this module have been skipped. Hence, how we're now at uuid\@7.
uuid\@3 encouraged the use of deep requires to minimize the bundle size of browser builds:
const uuidv4 = require('uuid/v4'); // <== NOW DEPRECATED!
uuidv4();
As of uuid\@7 this library now provides ECMAScript modules builds, which allow packagers like Webpack and Rollup to do "tree-shaking" to remove dead code. Instead, use the import
syntax:
import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid';
uuidv4();
... or for CommonJS:
const { v4: uuidv4 } = require('uuid');
uuidv4();
uuid\@3 was exporting the Version 4 UUID method as a default export:
const uuid = require('uuid'); // <== REMOVED!
This usage pattern was already discouraged in uuid\@3 and has been removed in uuid\@7.
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